|
|
|
| 2. Aerial Bombardments | |
3.MASSACRES... Cont. |
3.1: Henk de Mari gave an account of 55 men from two villages in North Biak who
were taken to empty land between the two villages and forced to dig a big hole
in the ground. They were then shot dead and the bodies fell into the hole. June
1971 was given as the time of the incident. The names of the villages nor of the
victims were not mentioned. The original report was by Henk de Mari, who visited
the area and written to Dutch daily De Telegraaf on 11th, 12th, and 19th October
1974.
3.2: North Biak - May 1970
The massacre of mainly women and children. One woman named Maria Bonsapia,
pregnant at the time was shot dead and her abdomen ripped open with bayonet and
the unborn foetus cut out of the womb and dissected on the spot. When Maria's
sister protested, she was gang-raped and later shot dead. The murderers were
from ABRI's Udayana Division.
3.3: Lereh District, south-west of Sentani International Airport
500 villagers were found massacred and their bodies left to rot in the jungle.
Dates nor names of the victims were given.
3.4: North Biak, Busdori, Krisdori & Ampombukor Villages - 1974 (45
Papuans Killed)
A total of 45 people were murdered. They were; Eduard Mambenar aged 20, Everdina
Pariaribo [f] age 45, Esevus Dawan 10, Julianus Dawan 45, Ferdinand Kmur 42,
Julianus Kmur 30, Kaleb Kmur 50, Martinus Kmur 22, Gerzon Kmur 15, Robert Kmur
30, Benjamin Kmur 32, Alfrida Kmur-Bonsapia [f] 20, Jonas Kmur 30, Sefnat Kmur
25, Semuel Kmur 18, Eduard Dimara 20, Darius Kararbo 23, Lodewijk Rumbrapuk 50,
Frederik Rumbrapuk 45, Alex Nab 35, Mateus Nab 17, Amos Opiaref 15, Derek
Kararbo 40, Josias Kararbo 32, Kristian Kararbo 30, Nicolaas Kararbo 44, Gerard
Kararbo 40, Arie Kararbo 13, freddy Manggaprouw 16, Karel Ab 35, Terjanus Ab 25,
Adolof Ab 18, Laurens Ab 20, Stefanus Ai 19, Josef Ai 60, Jaconias Mofu 30,
Carlos Mofu 17, Jacomina Meosido [f] 40, Jesaja Adadikam 50, Nathanael Awom 53,
Ananias Awom 31, Arie Bonkoibo 12, Lea Korwa [f] 50, Alexander Bonsapia 25,
Dolfinus Parkah 24.
The exact date of massacre is not given by West Papua Courier, but the year
was 1974. Note that the same villages had been visited before by the military
[3.1 above] and because of the inclusions of women and children in the West
Papua Courier's account, we must assume that the two reports related to, were of
two different events. The total death toll therefore is 121. [report from West
Papua Courier 3 (1980) 3:10., Tapol's West Papua: el Mnuvom 55**, Konstantein
Mnuro 35**, Mina Awendu [f] 20**, Peresina Awndu 16 [student]**. The names of 20
other victims from Makuker and Workrar villages are not given, Total numbers of
deaths 41 people. [West Papua Courier 3(1980) 3:11]
3.5: The Following Papuans from Arwam [*] & Rumbin [**] Villages - Biak
Island - massacred in 1975 - Total 41 Papuans Killed
Adolf Arwam age 40 years[*], Dirk Arwam 50*, Demianus Arwam 40*, Barnabas Arwam
50*, Johanenes Arwam 30*, Jonas Awendu 30*, Josias Awndu 25*, Joas Kmur 8
[school boy]*, Amon workrar 55*, Jonas Workrar 12 [school boy]*, Atris Workrar
18 [student]*, Pince Workrar 16 [student]*, Nabot Rumbrawer 50**, Amon Obaya
35**, Jan Mandibo 40**, Speni.
3.6 Dosai District, Jayapura - 6 Papuans Killed
The bodies of 6 persons were discovered on April 4, 1978. They had apparently
been shot. Identification of the bodies were not possible.
3.7 May 1978 at Tiom Station District Tiom, Jayawijaya Regency - Total 125
Papuans Killed
125 people were massacred by machine gun fire for alleged collaboration with the
OPM. Names of the victims were not given. The names of the 5 leaders who
surrendered to save the villagers were beaten with red hot iron bars, then
deliberately and repeatedly stabbed to death with red hot iron rods.
The names of the 5 victims were; Labang Wenda, Kaleb Wenda, We Wanibo,
Wanengen Wanibo, and Piranggen Wakerkwa. Their bodies were put in bags and
dumped into pit latrine. The operation was carried out by ABRI unit 752,753 and
Kodim Wamena. Witness: Sariname Tabuni, Enos Wanimbo, Pontius Jikwa, and the
residents of Tiom station. [source report by N. Ipo Hou, June 30, 1989 and also
included in section on "Gangland style killing" vide infra].
3.8 North Biak - Total 12 Papuans
Date and name of the village are not given. Incident: 12 people [men, women and
children] left the village and went to camp in the bush to collect sago for a
village feast. They had obtained prior permission from the appropriate
Indonesian authority for their absence from the village. A passing Indonesian
patrol stumbled upon the sago gatherers and proceeded by mowing them down with
machine-gun without warning. The massacre was discovered only when the stench of
the rotting bodies brought a hunter to the site of the massacre. The name of the
village and the date had been withheld at the request of the living relatives
for fear of Indonesian reprisals.
3.9 Operasi Tumpas (Tumpas Military Operation - Ayamaru, Teminabuan
& Inanuatan - exact number of victims not known
Massacres in Ayamaru, Teminabuan and Inanuatan under the code name of Operasi
Tumpas, [operation obliteration], in 1967, caused over 1500 loss of lives. Exact
number and locations of the massacres were not given.
3. 10 Jayapura Region - Total 14 Papuans Killed
At post 7, West of Sentani International Airport, the bodies of 14 persons were
discovered on June 16, 1978. They had apparently been shot dead. Identification
were not possible.
3.11 Babuma Village, Kelila District, Jayawijaya - 28th June 1978 - 6 Women
Six (6) women from Babuma village, Kelila district were isolated and accused of
collaborating with the OPM. They were: Banduk Thago, Pani Pagawak, Nerak Makna,
Yabena Thago, Etina Thago, and Abpisa Thago. They were gang-raped first before
being shot dead. Their abdomens were then ripped open, and the vaginas stuffed
with sweet potato leaves and red berries. The bodies were never retrieved for
proper burials. The murderers were ABRI units and Kodim Wamena under the
leadership of Colonel Albert Dieng. Eye witness were: Rawa Thago, Warren Thago,
Yembena Owar, and Obagi Thago. [source report by N. Ipo Hou, june 30, 1978].
3.12 Merauke - 20th July 1978 - 122 Papuans Killed
Incident - 122 people [116 men and 6 women], for one reason or another, fled
into the jungle. The ABRI's "Red Beret" went after them and caught all
of them. Their hands and feet were tied, they were then shoved into suitably
weighted copra bags and dumped in the sea. They drowned like rats. Relatives
refused to reveal the names of the victims for fear of reprisals.
3.13. Ampas Waris, Jayapura Region -1981 [no figure given for the victims]
The "Operasi Sapuh bersih" or "Clean Sweep Military
Operation". In June, July and August 1981, the villages of Ampas-Waris, and
Batte-Arso were attacked and whole families were bayoneted to death. Their
bodies were left to rot on the spot. [West Papua: Obliteration of a people 1983:
74 & 75]
3.14 Paniai Region -1981 - Total 68 Papuans Killed
68 people killed and 58 people disappeared without trace. [WPC 10 March (1988)
1:3]. No names were given.
3.15 Kudai & Kedapai Clans (Baliem Valley?) - Total 27 Papuans Killed
The following clans lost some of their members killed by the ABRI. Kudai clan 2
people, Kadapa 3, Jogi 4, Mujepa 5, Nawipa 11 and Adii 2. The bodies of the
victims were discovered rotting in the bushes. The remains of the 30 others have
never been discovered.
3.16 Central Highlands - September to December 1981 - Total 13,000 Papuans
An estimated 13,000 people were killed in the Central Highlands [idem :75].
Names and exact locations not given.
One of the slogans of Clean Sweep Military Operation is "Biar tikus lari
kehutan, asal ayam piara dikandang", or "let the rats run into the
jungle so that chicken can breed in the coop". This slogan means that
"Let the Papuans run into the bush, so that their land can be given to the
in-coming transmigrants" from Java, Bali and other over-populated parts of
Indonesia.
3.17 Paniai Wissel Lake District - mid-1985 - Total 2,500 Papuans
2,500 people were killed in the Paniai area of the Wissel Lake district. From
Iwandoga and Kugapa villages 115 people were massacred by Indonesian soldiers on
24th June 1985.
From Epomani village in Obano Sub-district 10 people were massacred on 2nd
July 1985. The military also destroyed the village, the gardens and village
live-stock.
Ikopo village Monemane district 15 people were killed, and village burned
down with live-stock and all, on 6th July 1985.
Monemane village 517 were massacred, 12 villages destroyed including food
gardens and village live-stock.
3.18 In Jayapura area - Total of 1,001 Papuans
Sre-sre village 500 dead.
Lereh village 346 dead.
In Genjem, Abepura, Waris and Sentani a total of 155 were reported dead.
3.19 TAPOL Quoting Eliezer Jan Bonay [first Governor of Indonesian Irian
Jaya] stated that between 1963 &1969 at least 30,000 Papuans had been
murdered.
[Tapol bulletin no. 48 (Nov. 1981):...., idem no. 51. (May 1982):....& West
Papua. The Obliteration of a people (1983): 72] There is no way this figure can
be verified. [Mr. E. J. Bonay is now dead, eds.]
3.20 In Paniai / Wissel Lake District - 1986-87 - 34 Papuans Shot Dead
It is not known whether this is collective massacre or isolated incidences:
Cornelis Jogi, Jan Nawipa, Degemabi Jogi, Wise Nawipa, Widigi Degei, wife of
Widigi Degei [f], Imowatuma Ogetai, Wim Tobai, Jafeth Keija, Kaleb Djouw, Paulus
Wenda, Wim Gobai, Jacobus Adii, Jakomina Bunai [f], Matias Mote and Vitalis
Dogomo. [idem p.4]
Further the following clans lost some of their members: Magi 2 people, Gobai
3, Mote 2, Tekege 1, Tatago 3, Djouw 1, Dejeino 2, Kajame 2, Pigai 1; a total of
17 people. [report from these atrocities was supplied to WPC by the O.P.M.
Secretariat of the 1v [Paniai] Regional Command].
3.21 Freeport Mine - June 1994 to July 1995 - 5 Papuans
Between June 1994 and February 1995 some clashes took place between the land
owners, the ABRI, the security personnel of the Freeport Mine and an OPM unit.
The root cause of the altercation is uncertain, but based on the report that
landed at the ACFOA [Australian Council of Overseas Aid] the problem arose out
of the Papuans grievances against the destruction of their habitat, their
livelihood and constant intimidation from the Indonesian military and Freeport
Mine's security personnel. The Indonesian military and the Mine's spokesman
insisted that the fermenting of these grievances was organized by the OPM unit
under the command of Kelly Kwalik. Who started it and how it started is
immaterial here, what is of direct relevance in this chapter is that some
civilians were murdered collectively and singly. How the actual killing took
place was unclear in many of the cases. The report documented 16 men actually
murdered and 6 disappeared without trace, but the eyewitness believed the number
of civilian victims may be higher. Contrasting this report with reports in the
local newspapers Tifa Irian [weekly, week 4 August 1995] and Cendrawasi Pos
Thursday 31st August 1995, the Indonesian military had shifted the blame to the
OPM for planting anti-Indonesian sentiment in the minds of the people and that
ABRI was only trying to protect the people. [some kind of protection all right,
Eds.]
|
|
|
| 2. Aerial Bombardments | |
3.MASSACRES... Cont. |